Installation¶
Installation from PyPI¶
PyGEOS is available as a binary distribution (wheel) for Linux, OSX and Windows platforms. The distribution includes a GEOS version that was most recent at the time of the PyGEOS release. Install the binary wheel with pip as follows:
$ pip install pygeos
Installation using Anaconda¶
PyGEOS is available on the conda-forge channel. Install as follows:
$ conda install pygeos --channel conda-forge
Installation with custom GEOS libary¶
You may want to use a specific GEOS version or a GEOS distribution that is already present on your system. In such cases you will need to compile PyGEOS yourself.
On Linux:
$ sudo apt install libgeos-dev # skip this if you already have GEOS
$ pip install pygeos --no-binary
On OSX:
$ brew install geos # skip this if you already have GEOS
$ pip install pygeos --no-binary
We do not have a recipe for Windows platforms. The following steps should enable you to build PyGEOS yourself:
Get a C compiler applicable to your Python version (https://wiki.python.org/moin/WindowsCompilers)
Download and install a GEOS binary (https://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/)
Set GEOS_INCLUDE_PATH and GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH environment variables (see below for notes on GEOS discovery)
Run
pip install pygeos --no-binary
Make sure the GEOS .dll files are available on the PATH
Installation from source¶
The same as installation with a custom GEOS binary, but then instead of installing pygeos with pip, you clone the package from Github:
$ git clone git@github.com:pygeos/pygeos.git
Install it in development mode using pip
:
$ pip install -e .[test]
Testing PyGEOS¶
PyGEOS can be tested using pytest
:
$ pip install pytest # or pygeos[test]
$ pytest --pyargs pygeos.tests
GEOS discovery (compile time)¶
If GEOS is installed on Linux or OSX, normally the geos-config
command line utility
will be available and pip
will find GEOS automatically.
If the correct geos-config
is not on the PATH, you can add it as follows (on Linux/OSX):
$ export PATH=/path/to/geos/bin:$PATH
Alternatively, you can specify where PyGEOS should look for GEOS (on Linux/OSX):
$ export GEOS_INCLUDE_PATH=/path/to/geos/include
$ export GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/geos/lib
On Windows, there is no geos-config
and the include and lib folders need to be
specified manually in any case:
$ set GEOS_INCLUDE_PATH=C:\path\to\geos\include
$ set GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH=C:\path\to\geos\lib
Common locations of GEOS (to be suffixed by lib
, include
or bin
):
Anaconda (Linux/OSX):
$CONDA_PREFIX/Library
Anaconda (Windows):
%CONDA_PREFIX%\Library
OSGeo4W (Windows):
C:\OSGeo4W64
GEOS discovery (runtime)¶
PyGEOS is dynamically linked to GEOS. This means that the same GEOS library that was used during PyGEOS compilation is required on your system at runtime. When using pygeos that was distributed as a binary wheel or through conda, this is automatically the case and you can stop reading.
In other cases this can be tricky, especially if you have multiple GEOS installations next to each other. We only include some guidelines here to address this issue as this document is not intended as a general guide of shared library discovery.
If you encounter exceptions like:
ImportError: libgeos_c.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
You will have to make the shared library file available to the Python interpreter. There are in general four ways of making Python aware of the location of shared library:
Copy the shared libraries into the pygeos module directory (this is how Windows binary wheels work: they are distributed with the correct dlls in the pygeos module directory)
Copy the shared libraries into the library directory of the Python interpreter (this is how Anaconda environments work)
Copy the shared libraries into some system location (
C:\Windows\System32
;/usr/local/lib
, this happens if you installed GEOS throughapt
orbrew
)Add the shared library location to a the dynamic linker path variable at runtime. (Advanced usage; Linux and OSX only; on Windows this method was deprecated in Python 3.8)
The filenames of the GEOS shared libraries are:
On Linux:
libgeos-*.so.*, libgeos_c-*.so.*
On OSX:
libgeos.dylib, libgeos_c.dylib
On Windows:
geos-*.dll, geos_c-*.dll
Note that pygeos does not make use of any RUNPATH (RPATH) header. The location of the GEOS shared library is not stored inside the compiled PyGEOS library.